Corpus iurisprudentiae Romanae

Repertorium zu den Quellen des römischen Rechts

Digesta Iustiniani Augusti

Recognovit Mommsen (1870) et retractavit Krüger (1928)
Convertit in Anglica lingua Scott (1932)
Dig. L9,
De decretis ab ordine faciendis
Liber quinquagesimus
IX.

De decretis ab ordine faciendis

(Concerning Decrees Which Should Be Rendered by the Order of Decurions.)

1Ul­pia­nus li­bro ter­tio opi­nio­num. Me­di­co­rum in­tra nu­me­rum prae­fi­ni­tum con­sti­tuen­do­rum ar­bi­trium non prae­si­di pro­vin­ciae com­mis­sum est, sed or­di­ni et pos­ses­so­ri­bus cu­ius­que ci­vi­ta­tis, ut cer­ti de pro­bi­ta­te mo­rum et pe­ri­tia ar­tis eli­gant ip­si, qui­bus se li­be­ros­que suos in ae­gri­tu­di­ne cor­po­rum com­mit­tant.

1Ulpianus, Opinions, Book III. It is not in the discretion of the Governor of a province to determine the number of physicians to be appointed for each town, but this is the duty of the Order of Decurions and those who possess property therein, in order that, in cases of bodily illness, they may commit themselves and their children to the care of persons selected by themselves, and of whose probity and skill in their profession they are assured.

2Mar­cia­nus li­bro pri­mo pu­bli­co­rum. Il­la de­cre­ta, quae non le­gi­ti­mo nu­me­ro de­cu­rio­num co­ac­to fac­ta sunt, non va­lent.

2Marcianus, Public Prosecutions, Book I. Decrees that are enacted without the lawful number of decurions being present are not valid.

3Ul­pia­nus li­bro ter­tio de ap­pel­la­tio­ni­bus. Le­ge au­tem mu­ni­ci­pa­li ca­ve­tur, ut or­do non ali­ter ha­bea­tur quam dua­bus par­ti­bus ad­hi­bi­tis.

3Ulpianus, On Appeals, Book III. It is provided by municipal law that the Order of Decurions shall not be considered to have assembled, unless two-thirds of the members are present.

4Ul­pia­nus li­bro sin­gu­la­ri de of­fi­cio cu­ra­to­ris rei pu­bli­cae. Amb­itio­sa de­cre­ta de­cu­rio­num re­scin­di de­bent, si­ve ali­quem de­bi­to­rem di­mi­se­rint si­ve lar­gi­ti sunt. 1Pro­in­de, ut so­lent, si­ve de­cre­ve­rint de pu­bli­co ali­cu­ius vel prae­dia vel ae­des vel cer­tam quan­ti­ta­tem prae­sta­ri, ni­hil va­le­bit hu­ius­mo­di de­cre­tum. 2Sed et si sa­la­rium ali­cui de­cu­rio­nes de­cre­ve­rint, de­cre­tum id non­num­quam ul­lius erit mo­men­ti: ut pu­ta si ob li­be­ra­lem ar­tem fue­rit con­sti­tu­tum vel ob me­di­ci­nam: ob has enim cau­sas li­cet con­sti­tui sa­la­ria.

4The Same, On the Duties of the Principal Magistrate of the City. The decrees of decurions granted for the sake of popularity should be set aside, whether they have discharged debtors, or have authorized donations. 1Hence if, as is customary, they have disposed of any lands, houses, or sums of money belonging to the public in this way, such a decree will be void. 2But if the decurions have ordered money to be paid to anyone by way of compensation, the decree will not always be of no force or effect; as, for example, where a grant has been made on account of some of the liberal arts, or for medicine, as appropriations can legally be made for this purpose.

5Cal­lis­tra­tus li­bro se­cun­do de co­gni­tio­ni­bus. Quod se­mel or­do de­cre­vit, non opor­te­re id re­scin­di di­vus Ha­d­ria­nus Ni­com­eden­si­bus re­scrip­sit ni­si ex cau­sa: id est si ad pu­bli­cam uti­li­ta­tem re­spi­ciat re­s­cis­sio prio­ris de­cre­ti.

5Callistratus, On Judicial Inquiries, Book II. The Divine Hadrian stated in a Rescript addressed to the people of Nicomedia that where the Order of Decurions had once issued a decree it should not be rescinded, except for some good reason; that is to say, where the annulment of the decree had reference to the public welfare.

6Scae­vo­la li­bro pri­mo di­ges­to­rum. Mu­ni­ci­pii le­ge ita cau­tum erat: ‘ἐάν τις ἔξω τοῦ συνεδρίου δικάσηται, τοῦ τε συνεδρίου εἰργέσθω καὶ προσαποτιννύτω δράχμας χιλίασ’. quae­si­tum est, an poe­nam sus­ti­ne­re de­beat, qui igno­rans ad­ver­sus de­cre­tum fe­cit. re­spon­dit et hu­ius­mo­di poe­nas ad­ver­sus scien­tes pa­ra­tas es­se.

6Scævola, Digest, Book I. The following was provided by municipal law: “When anyone renders judgment outside of the council, he shall be expelled from the council, or order, and shall pay a thousand drachmas.” The question arose whether he should be subjected to the penalty if he was ignorant that he had violated the law. The answer was that penalties of this kind were only intended for those who knew that they were acting illegally.