Corpus iurisprudentiae Romanae

Repertorium zu den Quellen des römischen Rechts

Digesta Iustiniani Augusti

Recognovit Mommsen (1870) et retractavit Krüger (1928)
Convertit in Anglica lingua Scott (1932)
Dig. XLVIII9,
De lege Pompeia de parricidiis
Liber quadragesimus octavus
IX.

De lege Pompeia de parricidiis

(Concerning the Pompeian Law on Parricides.)

1Mar­cia­nus li­bro quar­to de­ci­mo in­sti­tu­tio­num. Le­ge Pom­peia de par­ri­ci­diis ca­ve­tur, ut, si quis pa­trem ma­trem, avum aviam, fra­trem so­ro­rem pa­true­lem ma­true­lem, pa­truum avun­cu­lum ami­tam, con­so­bri­num con­so­bri­nam, uxo­rem vi­rum ge­ne­rum so­crum, vi­tri­cum, pri­vi­gnum pri­vi­gnam, pa­tro­num pa­tro­nam oc­ci­de­rit cu­ius­ve do­lo ma­lo id fac­tum erit, ut poe­na ea te­n­ea­tur quae est le­gis Cor­ne­liae de si­ca­riis. sed et ma­ter, quae fi­lium fi­liam­ve oc­ci­de­rit, eius le­gis poe­na ad­fi­ci­tur, et avus, qui ne­po­tem oc­ci­de­rit: et prae­ter­ea qui emit ve­ne­num ut pa­tri da­ret, quam­vis non po­tue­rit da­re.

1Marcianus, Institutes, Book XIV. It is provided by the Pompeian Law relating to Parricides that if anyone kills his father, his mother, his grandfather, his grandmother, his brother, his sister, his paternal uncle, his paternal aunt, his maternal uncle, his maternal aunt, his cousin of either sex, his wife, her husband, his son-in-law, his father-in-law, his stepfather, his stepson, his stepdaughter, his patron, or his patroness, or causes this to be done with malicious intent, he shall be liable to the penalty prescribed by the Cornelian Law relating to Assassins. A mother, who kills her son or her daughter, is also liable to the penalty of this law, as well as a grandfather who kills his grandson. Again, anyone who purchases poison for the purpose of administering it to his father is liable, even if he does not give it to him.

2Scae­vo­la li­bro quar­to re­gu­la­rum. Fra­ter au­tem eius, qui co­gno­ve­rat tan­tum nec pa­tri in­di­ca­ve­rat, rele­ga­tus est et me­di­cus sup­pli­cio af­fec­tus.

2Scævola, Rules, Book IV. A brother of the guilty party, who was aware of the plan, and did not warn his father, was relegated, and the physician subjected to punishment.

3Mar­cia­nus li­bro quar­to de­ci­mo in­sti­tu­tio­num. Sed scien­dum est le­ge Pom­peia de con­so­bri­no com­pre­hen­di, sed non et­iam eos pa­ri­ter com­plec­ti, qui pa­ri pro­pio­re­ve gra­du sunt. sed et no­ver­cae et spon­sae per­so­nae omis­sae sunt, sen­ten­tia ta­men le­gis con­ti­nen­tur:

3Marcianus, Institutes, Book XIV. It must be remembered that cousins are included in the Pompeian Law, but those are not equally implicated who are in the same, or a nearer degree. Also, mothers-in-law and women who have been betrothed are omitted; they are, however, included in accordance with the meaning of the law.

4Idem li­bro pri­mo de pu­bli­cis iu­di­ciis. cum pa­ter et ma­ter spon­si spon­sae so­ce­ro­rum, ut li­be­ro­rum spon­si ge­ne­ro­rum ap­pel­la­tio­ne con­ti­nen­tur.

4The Same, On Public Prosecutions, Book I. Just as the fathers and mothers of married persons are embraced in the designation fathers and mothers-in-law, so the husbands of the children are embraced in the term sons-in-law.

5Idem li­bro quar­to de­ci­mo in­sti­tu­tio­num. Di­vus Ha­d­ria­nus fer­tur, cum in ve­na­tio­ne fi­lium suum qui­dam ne­ca­ve­rat, qui no­ver­cam ad­ul­te­ra­bat, in in­su­lam eum de­por­tas­se, quod la­tro­nis ma­gis quam pa­tris iu­re eum in­ter­fe­cit: nam pa­tria po­tes­tas in pie­ta­te de­bet, non atro­ci­ta­te con­sis­te­re.

5The Same, Institutes, Book XIV. It is said that the Divine Hadrian, in a case where a certain man had, while hunting, killed his son who had committed adultery with his stepmother, caused him to be deported to an island, on the ground that he killed him rather as a thief than by asserting his right as a father; for paternal authority should rather be influenced by affection than by cruelty.

6Ul­pia­nus li­bro oc­ta­vo de of­fi­cio pro­con­su­lis. Utrum qui oc­ci­de­runt pa­ren­tes an et­iam con­scii poe­na par­ri­ci­dii ad­fi­cian­tur, quae­ri pot­est. et ait Mae­cia­nus et­iam con­scios ea­dem poe­na ad­fi­cien­dos, non so­lum par­ri­ci­das. pro­in­de con­scii et­iam ex­tra­nei ea­dem poe­na ad­fi­cien­di sunt.

6Ulpianus, On the Duties of Proconsul, Book VIII. The question may be asked whether those who kill their parents, or know of the crime, should be punished for parricide. Msecianus says that not only parricides, but also their accomplices, should undergo this penalty. Hence the accomplices, even if they are strangers, are punished in the same way.

7Idem li­bro vi­cen­si­mo no­no ad edic­tum. Si scien­te cre­di­to­re ad sce­lus com­mit­ten­dum pe­cu­nia sit sub­mi­nis­tra­ta, ut pu­ta si ad ve­ne­ni ma­li com­pa­ra­tio­nem vel et­iam ut la­tro­ni­bus ad­gres­so­ri­bus­que da­re­tur, qui pa­trem in­ter­fi­ce­rent: par­ri­ci­dii poe­na te­ne­bi­tur, qui quae­sie­rit pe­cu­niam qui­que eo­rum ita cre­di­de­rint aut a quo ita ca­ve­rint.

7The Same, On the Edict, Book XXIX. When money has been furnished for the commission of a crime, with the knowledge of a creditor, where, for instance, it has been given to purchase poison, or paid to robbers or assassins for the purpose of killing his father, he who obtained the money will be liable to the penalty for parricide, as well as those who lent it, or took measures to have it used in this way.

8Idem li­bro oc­ta­vo dis­pu­ta­tio­num. Par­ri­ci­dii pos­tu­la­tus si in­ter­im de­ces­se­rit, si qui­dem si­bi mor­tem con­sci­vit, suc­ces­so­rem fis­cum ha­be­re de­be­bit: si mi­nus, eum quem vo­luit, si mo­do tes­ta­men­tum fe­cit: si in­tes­ta­tus de­ces­sit, eos he­redes ha­be­bit, qui le­ge vo­can­tur.

8The Same, Disputations, Book VIII. Where anyone accused of parricide dies before being convicted, even if he kills himself, he should have the Treasury as his successor, or if not, anyone whom he appointed by his will. If he should die intestate, he will have as heirs those who are designated by law.

9Mo­des­ti­nus li­bro duo­de­ci­mo pan­dec­ta­rum. Poe­na par­ri­ci­dii mo­re ma­io­rum haec in­sti­tu­ta est, ut par­ri­ci­da vir­gis san­gui­neis ver­be­ra­tus de­in­de cul­leo in­sua­tur cum ca­ne, gal­lo­gal­li­na­ceo et vi­pe­ra et si­mia: de­in­de in ma­re pro­fun­dum cul­leus iac­ta­tur. hoc ita, si ma­re pro­xi­mum sit: alio­quin bes­tiis ob­ici­tur se­cun­dum di­vi Ha­d­ria­ni con­sti­tu­tio­nem. 1Qui alias per­so­nas oc­ci­de­rint prae­ter ma­trem et pa­trem et avum et aviam (quos mo­re ma­io­rum pu­ni­ri su­pra di­xi­mus), ca­pi­tis poe­na plec­ten­tur aut ul­ti­mo sup­pli­cio mac­tan­tur. 2Sa­ne si per fu­ro­rem ali­quis pa­ren­tem oc­ci­de­rit, im­pu­ni­tus erit, ut di­vi fra­tres re­scrip­se­runt su­per eo, qui per fu­ro­rem ma­trem ne­ca­ve­rat: nam suf­fi­ce­re fu­ro­re ip­so eum pu­ni­ri, di­li­gen­tius­que cus­to­dien­dum es­se aut et­iam vin­cu­lis co­er­cen­dum.

9Modestinus, Pandects, Book XII. The penalty of parricide, as prescribed by our ancestors, is that the culprit shall be beaten with rods stained with his blood, and then shall be sewed up in a sack with a dog, a cock, a viper, and an ape, and the bag cast into the depth of the sea, that is to say, if the sea is near at hand; otherwise, it shall be thrown to wild beasts, according to the Constitution of the Divine Hadrian. 1Those who kill other persons than their father and mother, their grandfather and grandmother, whom we have stated above, are punished according to the custom of our ancestors, either suffer a capital penalty, or are sacrificed to the gods. 2When anyone, while insane, kills his parents, he shall go unpunished, as the Divine Brothers stated in a Rescript with reference to a man who, being insane, killed his mother; for it is sufficient for him to be punished by his insanity alone, but he must be guarded with great care, or else be kept in chains.

10Pau­lus li­bro sin­gu­la­ri de poe­nis om­nium le­gum. Eo­rum, qui par­ri­ci­dii poe­na te­ne­ri pos­sunt, sem­per ac­cu­sa­tio per­mit­ti­tur.

10Paulus, On the Penalties of All Laws. The accusation of those who are liable to the penalty of parricide is always permitted.