Corpus iurisprudentiae Romanae

Repertorium zu den Quellen des römischen Rechts

Digesta Iustiniani Augusti

Recognovit Mommsen (1870) et retractavit Krüger (1928)
Convertit in Anglica lingua Scott (1932)
Dig. XLIII27,
De arboribus caedendis
Liber quadragesimus tertius
XXVII.

De arboribus caedendis

(Concerning the Interdict Which Has Reference to the Cutting of Trees.)

1Ul­pia­nus li­bro sep­tua­gen­si­mo pri­mo ad edic­tum. Ait prae­tor: ‘Quae ar­bor ex ae­di­bus tuis in ae­des il­lius im­pen­det, si per te stat, quo mi­nus eam ad­imas, tunc, quo mi­nus il­li eam ar­bo­rem ad­ime­re si­bi­que ha­be­re li­ceat, vim fie­ri ve­to’. 1Hoc in­ter­dic­tum pro­hi­bi­to­rium est. 2Si ar­bor ae­di­bus alie­nis im­pen­deat, utrum to­tam ar­bo­rem iu­beat prae­tor ad­imi an ve­ro id so­lum, quod su­per­ex­cur­rit, quae­ri­tur. et Ruti­lius ait a stir­pe ex­ci­den­dam id­que ple­ris­que vi­de­tur ve­rius: et ni­si ad­imet do­mi­nus ar­bo­rem, La­beo ait per­mit­ti ei, cui ar­bor of­fi­ce­ret, ut si vel­let suc­ci­de­ret eam lig­na­que tol­le­ret. 3Ar­bo­ris ap­pel­la­tio­ne et­iam vi­tes con­ti­nen­tur. 4Non so­lum au­tem do­mi­no ae­dium, sed et­iam ei qui usum­fruc­tum ha­bet com­pe­tit hoc in­ter­dic­tum, quia et ip­sius in­ter­est ar­bo­rem is­tam non im­pen­de­re. 5Prae­ter­ea pro­ban­dum est, si ar­bor com­mu­ni­bus ae­di­bus im­pen­deat, sin­gu­los do­mi­nos ha­be­re hoc in­ter­dic­tum et qui­dem in so­li­dum, quia et ser­vi­tu­tium vin­di­ca­tio­nem sin­gu­li ha­beant. 6Ait prae­tor: ‘si per te stat, quo mi­nus eam ad­imas, quo mi­nus il­li eam ar­bo­rem ad­ime­re li­ceat, vim fie­ri ve­to’. prius ita­que ti­bi da­tur ad­imen­di fa­cul­tas: si tu non fa­cias, tunc vi­ci­no pro­hi­bet vim fie­ri ad­ime­re vo­len­ti. 7De­in­de ait prae­tor: ‘Quae ar­bor ex agro tuo in agrum il­lius im­pen­det, si per te stat, quo mi­nus pe­des quin­de­cim a ter­ra eam al­tius co­er­ceas, tunc, quo mi­nus il­li ita co­er­ce­re lig­na­que si­bi ha­be­re li­ceat, vim fie­ri ve­to’. 8Quod ait prae­tor, et lex duo­de­cim ta­bu­la­rum ef­fi­ce­re vo­luit, ut quin­de­cim pe­des al­tius ra­mi ar­bo­ris cir­cum­ci­dan­tur: et hoc id­cir­co ef­fec­tum est, ne um­bra ar­bo­ris vi­ci­no prae­dio no­ce­ret. 9Dif­fe­ren­tia duo­rum ca­pi­tum in­ter­dic­ti haec est: si qui­dem ar­bor ae­di­bus im­pen­deat, suc­ci­di eam prae­ci­pi­tur, si ve­ro agro im­pen­deat, tan­tum us­que ad quin­de­cim pe­des a ter­ra co­er­ce­ri.

1Ulpianus, On the Edict, Book LXXI. The Prætor says: “If a tree projects from your premises over those of your neighbor, and you are to blame for not removing it, I forbid force to be employed to prevent him from doing so and keeping it as his own.” 1This interdict is prohibitory. 2Where a tree projects over the house of a neighbor, the question arises whether the Prætor can order the entire tree to be removed, or only that portion of it which projects above the building? Rutilius says that it should be taken out by the roots, and this is held to be correct by many authorities. Labeo asserts that if the owner does not remove the tree, he who is injured by it can, if he wishes to do so, cut it down and carry away the wood. 3Vines are also included under the term trees. 4This interdict lies not only in favor of the owner of the house, but also in favor of the usufructuary of the same, for the reason that it is to his interest, also, that the tree should not project above the building. 5Ad Dig. 43,27,1,5Windscheid: Lehrbuch des Pandektenrechts, 7. Aufl. 1891, Bd. I, § 169a, Note 4d.Moreover, the opinion should be adopted, that if a tree projects over a house owned in common by several persons, each of the joint-owners will be entitled to the benefit of the interdict, and indeed, for the entire amount, because each one of them has a right to bring an action to recover servitudes. 6The Prætor says: “If you are to blame for not removing it, I forbid force to be employed to prevent him from doing so.” Therefore, authority to remove the tree is first granted to you, and if you fail to do so, then the Prætor forbids you to employ violence in order to prevent your neighbor from removing it. 7The Prætor also says: “Where a tree on your premises projects over those of your neighbor, and you are to blame for not trimming it up to a height of fifteen feet from the ground, I forbid force to be employed to prevent your neighbor from trimming it up to the height aforesaid, and removing the wood for his own use.” 8What the Prætor says, the Law of the Twelve Tables intended to establish; namely, that the branches of trees should be cut off within fifteen feet of the ground, in order that the shade of the tree may not injure the land of a neighbor. 9There is a difference between the two Sections of the interdict, for if the tree projects over a neighboring house, it must be entirely cut down; but if it projects over land, it need only be trimmed to the height of fifteen feet from the ground.

2Pom­po­nius li­bro tri­gen­si­mo quar­to ad Sa­binum. Si ar­bor ex vi­ci­ni fun­do ven­to in­cli­na­ta in tuum fun­dum sit, ex le­ge duo­de­cim ta­bu­la­rum de ad­imen­da ea rec­te age­re potes ius ei non es­se ita ar­bo­rem ha­be­re.

2Pomponius, On Sabinus, Book XXXIV. If a tree on the premises of a neighbor is made to project over your land by the force of the wind, according to the Law of the Twelve Tables, you can bring an action against your neighbor to compel him to remove it, on the ground that he has no right to have a tree in that condition.