Corpus iurisprudentiae Romanae

Repertorium zu den Quellen des römischen Rechts

Digesta Iustiniani Augusti

Recognovit Mommsen (1870) et retractavit Krüger (1928)
Convertit in Anglica lingua Scott (1932)
Dig. XXXIV6,
De his quae poenae causa relinquuntur
Liber trigesimus quartus
VI.

De his quae poenae causa relinquuntur

(Concerning Bequests Made by Way of Penalty.)

1Afri­ca­nus li­bro ..... quaes­tio­num. Fi­lio fa­mi­lias vel ser­vo he­rede in­sti­tu­to et­iam si in pa­tris do­mi­ni­ve poe­nam il­li­ci­te vel prob­ro­se da­tum est, nul­lius mo­men­ti le­ga­tum es­se re­spon­dit: non enim id so­lum, quod in he­redes, sed om­ne, quod in cu­ius­que lu­crum ali­quid ex ul­ti­ma vo­lun­ta­te sen­tien­tis ta­lem poe­nam in tes­ta­men­to scrip­tum sit, nul­lius mo­men­ti ha­ben­dum.

1Africanus, Questions. Where a son under paternal control or a slave is appointed an heir, and the testator also illegally or insultingly bequeaths a legacy which will operate as a penalty against the father or the master, it has been held that the legacy is of no force or effect; for every bequest included in a will which is prompted by a desire for revenge, whether it is left to an heir or to anyone else who derives benefit from the last will of the testator, must be considered void.

2Mar­cia­nus li­bro sex­to in­sti­tu­tio­num. Poe­nam a con­di­cio­ne vo­lun­tas tes­ta­to­ris se­pa­rat et an poe­na, an con­di­cio, an trans­la­tio sit, ex vo­lun­ta­te de­func­ti ap­pa­ret: id­que di­vi Se­ve­rus et An­to­ni­nus re­scrip­se­runt.

2Marcianus, Institutes, Book VI. The will of the testator distinguishes a penalty from a condition, and whether it is a penalty, a condition, or a transfer that is referred to in the legacy, must be ascertained from the intention of the deceased. This the Divine Severus and Antoninus stated in a Rescript.