Corpus iurisprudentiae Romanae

Repertorium zu den Quellen des römischen Rechts

Digesta Iustiniani Augusti

Recognovit Mommsen (1870) et retractavit Krüger (1928)
Convertit in Anglica lingua Scott (1932)
Dig. I13,
De officio quaestoris
Liber primus
XIII.

De officio quaestoris

(Concerning the Office of Quæstor.)

1Ul­pia­nus li­bro sin­gu­la­ri de of­fi­cio quaes­to­ris. Ori­go quaes­to­ri­bus crean­dis an­ti­quis­si­ma est et pae­ne an­te om­nes ma­gis­tra­tus. Grac­cha­nus de­ni­que Iu­nius li­bro sep­ti­mo de po­tes­ta­ti­bus et­iam ip­sum Ro­mu­lum et Numam Pom­pi­lium bi­nos quaes­to­res ha­buis­se, quos ip­si non sua vo­ce, sed po­pu­li suf­fra­gio crea­rent, re­fert. sed sic­uti du­bium est, an Ro­mu­lo et Nu­ma reg­nan­ti­bus quaes­tor fue­rit, ita Tul­lo Hos­ti­lio re­ge quaes­to­res fuis­se cer­tum est: et sa­ne cre­brior apud ve­te­res opi­nio est Tul­lum Hos­ti­lium pri­mum in rem pu­bli­cam in­du­xis­se quaes­to­res. 1Et a ge­ne­re quae­ren­di quaes­to­res in­itio dic­tos et Iu­nius et Tre­ba­tius et Fe­nes­tel­la11Die Großausgabe liest Fae­nes­tel­la statt Fe­nes­tel­la. scri­bunt. 2Ex quaes­to­ri­bus qui­dam so­le­bant pro­vin­cias sor­ti­ri ex se­na­tus con­sul­to, quod fac­tum est De­ci­mo Dru­so et Por­ci­na con­su­li­bus, sa­ne non om­nes quaes­to­res pro­vin­cias sor­tie­ban­tur, ve­rum ex­cep­ti erant can­di­da­ti prin­ci­pis: hi et­enim so­lis li­bris prin­ci­pa­li­bus in se­na­tu le­gen­dis va­cant. 3Ho­die­que op­ti­nuit in­dif­fe­ren­ter quaes­to­res crea­ri tam pa­tri­cios quam ple­be­ios: in­gres­sus est enim et qua­si prim­or­dium ge­ren­do­rum ho­no­rum sen­ten­tiae­que in se­na­tu di­cen­dae. 4Ex his, sic­ut di­ci­mus, qui­dam sunt qui can­di­da­ti prin­ci­pis di­ce­ban­tur qui­que epis­tu­las eius in se­na­tu le­gunt.

1Ulpianus, On the Duties of Quæstor. The origin of Quæstor is very ancient, more so than that of almost any other magistracy. Gracchanus Julius, in the Seventh Book “On Authorities”, relates that Romulus himself, and Numa Pompilius had two Quæstors not appointed by themselves, but by the votes of the people; but even if doubt exists whether there was any Quæstor during the reigns of Romulus and Numa, it is certain that Quæstors existed during that of Tullus Hostilius; and, indeed, it is the prevalent opinion of ancient writers that Tullus Hostilius was the first to introduce Quæstors into the government of the commonwealth. 1Junius, Trebatius, and Fenestella deduced the origin of the word Quæstor from quæro (to seek). 2Some of the Quæstors were accustomed to draw lots for the provinces assigned by the decree of the Senate, which was also done under the consulate of Decimus Drusus and Porcina. All the Quæstors, however, did not obtain their provinces by lot, the candidates of the Emperor being excepted, for these were only employed in reading the Imperial Epistles in the Senate. 3At present, Quæstors are taken indiscriminately from patricians and plebeians; for the place is an entrance to, and, so to speak, the beginning of other offices, and confers the right to state one’s opinion in the Senate. 4There are some of these, as We have just stated, who are styled the candidates of the Emperor, and who read his Epistles in the Senate.